Stiripentol alleviates neuropathic pain in L5 spinal nerve-transected mice

Purpose Antiepileptic drugs are used not only for the treatment of epilepsy but also for that of neuropathic pain. However, their action mechanisms have not always been well explained. Stiripentol, an effective antiepileptic drug indicated as a therapeutic for Dravet syndrome, was recently shown to act as an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase in astrocytes. In this present study, we examined the effect of stiripentol on neuropathic pain in L5 spinal nerve-transected mice. Methods We carried out behavioral tests using calibrated von Frey filaments and the immunohistochemistry of glial fibrillary acidic protein, an astrocyte marker, in L5 spinal nerve-transected mice after intrathecal administration of drugs. Results Like other anticonvulsants such as gabapentin and carbamazepine, stiripentol alleviated mechanical hyperalgesia induced by L5 spinal nerve transection in a dose-dependent manner, when intrathecally administered to mice 7, 14, and 28 days after L5 spinal nerve transection. Likewise, α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, a broad inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporters, diminished mechanical hyperalgesia induced by L5 spinal nerve transection. Simultaneous administration of l -lactate negated the analgesic effect elicited by stiripentol, carbamazepine or α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, but not that by gabapentin. None of the anticonvulsants affected the immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein. Conclusions This present study demonstrated that stiripentol was effective against neuropathic pain and suggested that the astrocyte–neuron lactate shuttle was involved in such pain.