Measurement, Analysis, and Enhancement of Multipath TCP Energy Efficiency for Datacenters

Multipath TCP (MPTCP) has recently been suggested as a promising transport protocol to boost the utilization of underlaying datacenter networks, yet it also increases the host CPU power consumption. It remains unclear whether datacenters can indeed benefit from using MPTCP from the perspective of energy efficiency. Through realworld measurement of MPTCP, we show that the energy efficiency of MPTCP is largely related to the flow completion time and the existence of link-sharing subflows. In particular, we find that the link-sharing subflows in MPTCP will significantly elevate the CPUs’ power consumption on hosts. To make the matter worse, it will also reduce the transmission efficiency for both throughput-sensitive long flows and latency-sensitive short flows. To address such a problem, we present MPTCP-D, an energy-efficient enhancement of MPTCP in datacenter networks. MPTCP-D incorporates a novel congestion control algorithm that improves energy efficiency by minimizing the flow completion time. It also has a build-in subflow elimination mechanism that precludes link-sharing subflows from increasing the host CPU power consumption. We implement MPTCP-D in the Linux kernel, analyze the parameter selection in the algorithm and study its performance through packet-level simulation and on Amazon EC2. Our results show that, without degrading the performance of the long flow throughput and the short flow completion time, MPTCP-D reduces the long flow energy consumption by up to 72% compared to DCTCP for data transfers, and reduces the short flow power consumption by up to 46% compared to MPTCP with link-sharing subflows.