Effectiveness of Short-Term Heat Acclimation on Intermittent Sprint Performance With Moderately Trained Females Controlling for Menstrual Cycle Phase.

Introduction Investigate the effectiveness of short-term heat acclimation (STHA), over 5-days (permissive dehydration), on an intermittent sprint exercise protocol (HST) with females. Controlling for menstrual cycle phase. Materials and Methods Ten, moderately trained, females (Mean [SD]; age 22.6 [2.7] y; stature 165.3 [6.2] cm; body mass 61.5 [8.7] kg; V.O2peak 43.9 [8.6] mL.kg(-1).min(-1)) participated. The HST (31.0 degrees C; 50%RH) was 9 x 5 min (45-min) of intermittent exercise, based on exercise intensities of female soccer players, using a motorized treadmill and Wattbike. Participants completed HST1 vs. HST2 as a control (C) trial. Followed by 90 min, STHA (no fluid intake), for five consecutive days in 39.5 degrees C; 60%RH, using controlled-hyperthermia (similar to rectal temperature [T-re] 38.5 degrees C). The HST3 occurred within 1 week after STHA. The HST2 vs HST3 trials were in the luteal phase, using self-reported menstrual questionnaire and plasma 17 beta-estradiol. Results Pre (HST2) vs post (HST3) STHA there was a reduction at 45-min in T-re by 0.20 degrees C (95%CI -0.30 to -0.10 degrees C; d = 0.77); T over bar sk (-0.50; -0.90 to -0.10 degrees C; d = 0.80); and T over bar b (-0.25; -0.35 to -0.15 degrees C; d = 0.92). Cardiac frequency reduced at 45-min (-8; -16 to -1 b.min(-1); d = 1.11) and %PV increased (7.0; -0.4 to 14.5%: d = 1.27). Mean power output increased across all nine maximal sprints by 56W (-26 to 139W; d = 0.69; n = 9). There was limited difference (P > 0.05) for these measures in HST1 vs HST2 C trial. Discussion Short-term heat acclimation (5-days) using controlled-hyperthermia, leads to physiological adaptation during intermittent exercise in the heat, in moderately trained females when controlling for menstrual cycle phase.