TEXS: in-vacuum tender x-ray emission spectrometer with eleven Johansson crystal analysers

We describe the design and show first results of a large solid angle x-ray emission spectrometer that is optimised for energies between 1.5 keV and 5.5 keV. The spectrometer is based on an array of eleven cylindrically bent Johansson crystal analysers arranged in a point-to-point Rowland circle geometry. The smallest achievable energy bandwidth is smaller than the core hole lifetime broadening of the absorption edges in this energy range. Energy scanning is achieved using an innovative design, maintaining the Rowland circle conditions for all crystals with only four motor motions. The entire spectrometer is encased in a high-vacuum chamber that allows fitting a liquid helium cryostat and provides sufficient space for in situ cells and operando catalysis reactors.