Molecular phylogenetics and floral evolution of the Cirrhopetalum alliance (Bulbophyllum, Orchidaceae): evolutionary transitions and phylogenetic signal variation.

Character mapping reveals the emended Cirrhopetalum alliance clade (CAC) is well supported by a set of synapomorphies, viz.: a subumbellate inflorescence, lateral sepals basally twisted with connate upper margins (inset photos: a & c), whereas significant floral character transitions are revealed in Subclade D4, viz.: a compressed (or elongated) racemose inflorescence with flowers in which the lateral sepals are free and are similar in shape and size to the dorsal sepal (inset photos: b & d).