Chikungunya Virus and Zika Virus, Two Different Viruses Examined with a Common Aim: Role of Pattern Recognition Receptors on the Inflammatory Response.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are 2 reemerging arboviruses that have been the focus of public health institutions worldwide, since the last decades and following a spate of outbreaks in tropical and subtropical areas. The disease caused by both viruses manifests itself first as an acute stage of severe inflammation into the infected tissues, which later progresses to arthritis and chronic polyarthralgia in the case of CHIKV or congenital microcephaly and neurological disorders such as Guillain-Barre syndrome in the case of ZIKV. This review aims to summarize on current knowledge of the role of different pattern recognition receptors that leads to an elevated production and secretion of antiviral response (interferon) and severe inflammation in response to CHIKV and ZIKV infection.