Heterogeneous aetiology and clinical presentation of cardiac involvement in hypereosinophilic syndrome: A case series

Abstract Introduction Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a heterogeneous group of diseases defined by marked hyperesonofilia (1.5 × 10 9 /l) that persists more than 6 months with organ infiltration and damage. Cardiac involvement in HES is common and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. To illustrate contemporary diagnostic and therapeutic methods, we reviewed three cases of HES with cardiac involvement, recently diagnosed in our institution. Description of cases We present a series of three cases of HES with cardiac involvement and clinical presentation in the form of intracardiac thrombosis. One of these cases was caused by FIP1L1-PDGFRA positive myeloproliferation and successfully treated with imatinib. All cases received corticosteroids and oral anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists with favourable clinical outcomes. Conclusions Although HES with cardiac involvement is a rare condition, it may have severe clinical consequences and needs to be diagnosed early. Subsequent important step is careful differential diagnosis of hypereosinophilia and its targeted treatment.