Serum CXCL16 as a Novel Biomarker of Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Pilot Study.

Objective. To explore the diagnostic value of serum C-X-C chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) in subjects with diabetic coronary artery disease (T2DM-CAD). Methods. One hundred twenty Chinese subjects, including patients with coronary artery disease (CAD group), diabetic coronary artery disease (T2DM-CAD group), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM group), and healthy controls of similar age and gender (control group), were enrolled in this study. Serum CXCL16 was detected by a sandwich-type enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Simultaneously, other clinical biochemical parameters such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), uric acid (UA), and glucose (Glu) were tested based on standard methods. Results. Compared to the levels in the CAD group (3.912 +/- 1.061 mg/L) and theT2DM group (4.115 +/- 0.876 mg/L), the levels of serum CXCL16 in the T2DM-CAD group were significantly increased (5.707 +/- 1.404 mg/L, P<0.01). In the T2DM-CAD group, serum CXCL16 concentrations correlated positively with hs-CRP (r= 0.772, P<0.001) and uric acid levels (r= 0.476, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that hs-CRP might be the only influencing factor for serum CXCL16 levels (beta= 0.772, P< 0.001). Furthermore, in the T2DM-CAD group/T2DM group, the area under the curve of CXCL16 was 0.824, and the area under the curve of hs-CRP was 0.842; no significant difference was found (z= 0.245, P> 0.05). Conclusion. Serum CXCL16 may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of patients with T2DM-CAD.