Features In Telemanipulation For Heart Surgery: Haptic Tasks

Heart surgeons require telemanipulation for numerous minimally invasive heart surgeries. Until now the existing telemanipulators do not offer haptic feedback to the surgeon. We show the must-have of haptic feedback for the telemanipulative working heart surgeon.The results showed significantly reduced working forces in all experiments and in both groups of test persons. Therefore we require haptic feedback for the robotic working heart surgeon and for the safety of the patients.