Pulmonary hypertension in sarcoidosis, caused by extrinsic compression of major pulmonary vessels

Pulmonary hypertension is an increasingly recognised complication of sarcoidosis that arises from a variety of physiological mechanisms, including pulmonary fibrosis, granulomatous vasculitis, and circulating vasoactive mediators. We present the case of a young man with sarcoidosis complicated by fatal pulmonary hypertension due to extrinsic compression of the major pulmonary vessels by mediastinal granulomatous inflammation and lymphadenopathy.