Real-Time Synchronization on Multiprocessors: To Block or Not to Block, to Suspend or Spin?

In the domain of multiprocessor real-time systems, there has been a wealth of recent work on scheduling, but relatively little work on the equally important topic of synchronization. When synchronizing accesses to shared resources, four basic options exist: lock-free execution, wait-free execution, spin-based locking, and suspension-based locking. To our knowledge, no empirical multiprocessor-based evaluation of these basic techniques that focuses on real-time systems has ever been conducted before. In this paper, we present such an evaluation and report on our efforts to incorporate synchronization support in the testbed used in this effort.